Surveying Tools--An Aid To Surveying Process

Surveying can be understood as the technique and science of determining accurate terrestrial or three dimensional positions of the points with the help of some special surveying tools. It also gives information about the angles and distance between the points. These points are generally associated with the positions existing on the earth's surface and are used for preparing the land maps.

A surveyor often uses the elements of geometry, trigonometry, engineering and mathematics for the same. Surveying is an extremely important process and is mandatory in the execution of any construction.

The process of surveying involves the use of surveying tools that are widely available in the market. They are used for distinct purposes and also used in different ways. There are many commonly used surveying equipments.

The first in the list is the GPS system that comes with different options like the SPS series GPS receivers and the GPS antennas. These GPS systems are available with four stages of options for operation. These operation options are the max, location, extreme and basic. The systems cover a range of price and performance needs. The highest level of GPS systems keeps a track of the next generation signals that are the GPSl2C, L5 and GLONASS .

The GPS also allows operation at night. The Logic 7D system increases the productivity of the excavators along with elimination of the need of survey stakes. The system involves the use of double antenna roof array and sensors and also enables the display of accurate, real time bucket grade and the location, that too on a touch screen display. The excavation is even possible at night and in blinding conditions.

Another is the laser that ensures quicker and accurate measurements. The PD 30 laser range meter makes the measurements in less than 30 seconds. It measures the distances up to the limit of 600 ft. It is operated by switching on the tool, pointing the laser towards the target and pressing the button to measure.

One more important tool is the Robotic System which measures up to one and a quarter part of a mile. The station is capable to keep focus on small objects and six communication channels which, allows carrying out the operation on the same site.

Other surveying equipments are the point scriber, stakes, plumb bob accessories, monument spikes, boundary markers and flagging, total stations, altimeters, laser range finders, pocket transits, compasses and clinometers. The long list of the surveying tools for use in surveys gives the surveyors wide variety of options of instruments to choose from.